Console2: Awesome Windows Command Prompt replacement

Console2 is opensource, meaning that as long any developer around the world can work on it and it will never dead for a long time.

Download Console2 at http://sourceforge.net/projects/console/files/ and put it in c:\dev\utils and configure that location in the PATH.

Now I had the files extracted as in my PATH C:\dev\utils\Console2. A lot of features in console2 such as tabs, copy on select etc.

Configure it as you like or you all can follow the references setting in the link below.

Reference: http://www.hanselman.com/blog/Console2ABetterWindowsCommandPrompt.aspx

Error Id-734: The PPP Link Control Protocol Was Terminated"

Error Id-734: The PPP Link Control Protocol Was Terminated"

This is a problem might happen to 3G broadband user.
This is the solutions.

Click Start, control panel, Network & Sharing Center
Change adapter settings, select 3G modem
Right-click, click Properties.
Networking tab, and then click Settings.
Click to clear the Negotiate multi-link for single link connections check box (if it is selected).

OK,OK,OK...
Try dial 3G again

Reference: http://support.microsoft.com/KB/318718

2.4 Network Architecture: Emails

2.4  Network Architecture: Emails

TCP/IP is an end-to-end network. Figure 2.21 shows TCP/IP Mail system architecture where user A can read, write, send and receive an email directly from internet mail server to the user B and vice versa. Both computers of user A and user B connected from its Network Interface Card through the internet router to the internet. The data flow from each email client to the email server is the same as TCP/IP operation in Chapter 2.1.3.

Figure 2.21: Internet Mail

Figure 2.22 shows DTN Mail system architecture where there is a separate networking environment which is an offline local area network and internet connected network. There are mail servers on both sides which act as a storage for email system. The storage in between that used to forward the data is called infomediary device.

Figure 2.22: DTN Mail

The DTN architecture aims to provide interconnection between several networks which may have a network disruption because of distance or time delay in data transmission. DTN user communicates through a DTN network to the internet user, while TCP/IP had the direct connection to the internet. Each network station requires one DTN mail server for temporary storage while TCP/IP does not need a local server and had a direct connection to various internet mail servers. A DTN network requires an infomediary device to transfer and receive data between network stations while TCP/IP does not need it.

2.3.3 Naming and addressing mechanism: Endpoint IDs

2.3.3     Naming and addressing mechanism: Endpoint IDs

Internet address for TCP/IP identifies a node on the internet.  Internet address is a name or IP of a Web site Uniform Resource Locator (URL).  Abbreviation of Uniform Resource Locator (URL) it is the global address of documents and other resources on the World Wide Web. The first part of the address is called a protocol identifier and it indicates what protocol to use and the second part is called a resource name and it specifies the IP address or the domain name where the resource is located.  IP addresses are binary numbers, but they are usually stored in text files and displayed in human-readable notations, such as 172.16.254.1 (for IPv4), and 2001:db8:0:1234:0:567:8:1 (for IPv6). The protocol identifier and the resource name are separated by a colon and two forward slashes. Table 2.3 shows the two URLs below point to two different files at the domain website.com. The first specifies a file that should be fetched using the FTP protocol while the second specifies a Web page that should be fetched using the HTTP protocol.

ftp://www.website.com/file.exe http://www.website.com/index.html

Table 2.3: TCP/IP Endpoint ID

A URL is one type of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI). URI is the generic term for all types of names and addresses that refer to objects on the World Wide Web.

In a DTN, Bundle Protocol endpoints are identified by name. Bundle Protocol names are Uniform Resource Identifier (URI). Table 2.4 shows examples of Bundle Protocol name.

dtn://thismachine/ping dtn:pop:mailto:myemail@mymail.com

Table 2.4: DTN Endpoint ID

In URI terminology, each URI begins with a scheme name followed by a series of characters where the syntax is defined by the scheme. Each DTN node has a two part name consist of a region ID and entity ID as shown in Figure 2.20. Routing between regions is based only on region IDs, which are bound to their corresponding addresses throughout the DTN. Routing within regions is based only on entity IDs which are bound to their corresponding address only within that region. Thus each region uses a different mapping of entity IDs to address and no bandwidth is needed to copy name address mappings between regions. Gateways belong to two or more regions and move bundles between regions. It has multiple region IDs. Region IDs use the same namespace syntax as the internet DNS [9].

Figure 2.20: DTN Naming and addressing mechanism [9]